Today is Saturday, November 1, the 305th day of 2025. There are 60 days left in the year.
Today in history:
On November 1, 1936, in a speech in Milan, Italy, Benito Mussolini described the alliance between his country and Nazi Germany as an “axis” running between Rome and Berlin.
Also on this date:
In 1765, the Stamp Act, passed by the British Parliament, came into effect, leading to fierce resistance from American colonists.
In 1861, during the Civil War, President Abraham Lincoln appointed Major General George B. McClellan commander in chief of the Union armies, succeeding Lieutenant General Winfield Scott.
In 1894, Nicholas II became Emperor of Russia, succeeding his late father Alexander III.
In 1938, in a two-horse race, Seabiscuit defeated favored Triple Crown winner War Admiral by four lengths in what was dubbed the “Race of the Century” at Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore.
In 1950, two Puerto Rican nationalists attempted to enter Blair House in Washington, D.C., in a failed attempt to assassinate President Harry S. Truman. (One of the two was killed, along with a White House police officer.)
In 1982, the first Japanese car produced in the US rolled off the assembly line at Honda’s plant in Marysville, Ohio.
In 1989, East Germany reopened its border with Czechoslovakia, prompting tens of thousands of refugees to flee to the West. East Germany would announce on November 9 that it would open its border crossings with West Berlin, leading to the fall of the Berlin Wall.
In 1993, the Maastricht Treaty enters into force, formally establishing the European Union and ushering in a new era of integration and economic cooperation among its member states.
In 1995, peace talks began in Dayton, Ohio, with the leaders of Bosnia, Serbia and Croatia in attendance. The talks would lead to the formal signing in Paris next month of the Dayton Peace Agreement, which would end the more than three-year-old Bosnian war that broke out after the breakup of the former Yugoslavia.
Today’s Birthdays:
- Golf Hall of Famer Gary Player is 90.
- Football Hall of Famer Ted Hendricks is 78.
- Music producer David Foster is 76.
- Musician Lyle Lovett is 68.
- Apple CEO Tim Cook is 65.
- Rock singer Anthony Kiedis (Red Hot Chili Peppers) is 63.
- Country singer “Big Kenny” Alphin (Big and Rich) is 62.
- Actor Toni Collette is 53.
- Actor-TV presenter Jenny McCarthy is 53.
- Actor Aishwarya Rai Bachchan is 52.
- Football Hall of Famer Steve Hutchinson is 48.
- Actor Natalia Tena is 41.
- Actor Penn Badgley is 39.
- Actor Anthony Ramos is 34.
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