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The next map from 2024 by Simon C. Scherrer (via @freakonometrics) indicates that a third of the Swiss population lives in a five-kilometre-wide strip on either side of the Intercity 1 railway line.
What is the situation in France?
I couldn’t easily find the stats per line, but I suspect a similar configuration – mainline (whatever it means), big cities, lots of passengers, crossing the country – would be the discontinued line. Eurostar (London) – Calais – Lille – Marne-la-Vallée – Lyon – Marseille or the current one TGV inOui Lille-Lyon-Marseille. However, they don’t stop at Paris intramuralso we are missing a large part of the population.
Configuration
library(sf) library(glue) library(dplyr) library(osmdata) library(purrr) library(httr2) library(rnaturalearth) library(stringr) library(ggplot2) sf_use_s2(FALSE)
Facts
Railway
We can obtain the railway geometry from the OSM relationship of {osmdata} and an Overpass API query.
osm <- r"([out:xml][timeout:6000];
relation(5951791);
(._;>;);
out body;)" |>
osmdata_sf()
eurostar <- osm |>
pluck("osm_multilines")
stations <- osm$osm_points |>
filter(railway == "stop",
uic_ref %in% c("8775100", "8772319", "8711184", "8722326"))fr <- ne_countries(scale = "large") |>
st_intersection(eurostar |>
st_bbox() |>
st_as_sfc() |>
st_buffer(4.5, joinStyle = "MITRE", mitreLimit = 10))
eurostar |>
ggplot() +
geom_sf(data = fr, color = "darkgrey") +
geom_sf(color = "red", linewidth = 0.5, alpha = 0.8) +
geom_sf(data = stations) +
geom_sf_text(data = stations,
aes(label = str_wrap(name, width = 15,
whitespace_only = FALSE)),
size = 3,
hjust = 1.1) +
labs(title = "London-Marseille",
caption = glue("data: OpenStreetMap contributors
Natural Earth
https://r.iresmi.net - {Sys.Date()}")) +
theme_void() +
theme(plot.caption = element_text(size = 7, color = "grey40"),
plot.background = element_rect(fill = "white"),
plot.margin = unit(c(.2, .2, .2, .2), units = "cm"))Figure 1: London-Marseille railway
Population
Population comes from INSEE 2015 200 m grid.
if (!file.exists("carreaux_200m_met.gpkg")) {
pop_file <- "Filosofi2019_carreaux_200m_gpkg.zip"
if (!file.exists(pop_file)) {
request(glue("https://www.insee.fr/fr/statistiques/fichier/7655475/\\
{pop_file}")) |>
req_perform(pop_file)
}
unzip(pop_file)
system("7z e Filosofi2019_carreaux_200m_gpkg.7z carreaux_200m_met.gpkg")
system("rm Filosofi2019_carreaux_200m_gpkg.*")
}
pop <- read_sf("carreaux_200m_met.gpkg")Results
Within 5 km
pop_5km <- pop |>
st_filter(eurostar |>
st_transform("EPSG:2154") |>
st_buffer(5000)) |>
st_drop_geometry() |>
summarise(pop_tot = sum(ind, na.rm = TRUE)) |>
pull(pop_tot)
pop_fr <- pop |>
st_drop_geometry() |>
summarise(pop_tot = sum(ind, na.rm = TRUE)) |>
pull(pop_tot)- Total population: 62,971,073
- Population within 5 km: 4,163,426
Only 6.6% of the French (metropolitan) population is therefore within a radius of 5 km from this railway line.
Within 50 km
If we extend to 50 km, we will conquer most of Paris…
pop_50km <- pop |>
st_filter(eurostar |>
st_transform("EPSG:2154") |>
st_buffer(50000)) |>
st_drop_geometry() |>
summarise(pop_tot = sum(ind, na.rm = TRUE)) |>
pull(pop_tot)- Population within 50 km: 25,696,130
So 40.8% of the French (metropolitan) population is within 50 km of this railway line. Not bad, but the question now might be: does the train stop at a station near you? This is left as an exercise to the reader (spoiler: fewer and less…).
eurostar |>
ggplot() +
geom_sf(data = fr, color = "darkgrey") +
geom_sf(color = "red", linewidth = 0.5, alpha = 0.8) +
geom_sf(data = eurostar |>
st_transform("EPSG:2154") |>
st_buffer(50000),
fill = "red", alpha = 0.2) +
geom_sf(data = stations) +
geom_sf_text(data = stations,
aes(label = str_wrap(name, width = 15,
whitespace_only = FALSE)),
size = 3,
hjust = 1.1) +
labs(title = "London-Marseille",
caption = glue("data: OpenStreetMap contributors
Natural Earth
https://r.iresmi.net - {Sys.Date()}")) +
theme_void() +
theme(plot.caption = element_text(size = 7, color = "grey40"),
plot.background = element_rect(fill = "white"),
plot.margin = unit(c(.2, .2, .2, .2), units = "cm"))Figure 2: London-Marseille railway in France and a 50 km buffer
Related
#Railroad #population #bloggers