Jacopo Barozzi from Vignola, Palazzo Farnese

Il Palazzo farnese in Caprarola It is one of the most illustrious examples of Renaissance architecture and represents a unique synthesis of defensive and residential elements. The history of the palace begins in the early years of the Cardinal of Pope Paul III, who began to transform the residence of the Farnese family to start with a reinforced pentonal structure. This form has influenced the project deeply Jacopo Barozzi van VignolaThat was to build the building above the pre -existing fort.

The building is divided around a circular courtyard, characterized by two flooded arcades. Each of the arcades consists of 10 arches made from Peperino, a gray volcanic stone that is typical of the area. The lower porch is reinforced by niches in the pillars that support arches, while the upper level has a smoother finish with ionic seeds that support a spirit and a balustrade. Each arch of the upper veranda corresponds to a door that leads to a room or a staircase, which makes a liquid internal mobility between the different parts of the building facilitate.

The building is divided into two main apartments. One became to the north, ideal during the summer months, and the other, equipped with fireplaces, prepared for the winter. Taddeo and Federico Zuccari decorated most rooms richly, while Antonio Tempesta was responsible for the paintings in the vaults of the stairs and in the arcades. In addition to its residential and defensive functions, the building stands out for its rich internal decoration and for integration with the surrounding environment. The adjacent park, accessible via drawbridges on the Red Light District, has enriched two Italian symmetrical gardens with fountains and caves, creating a visual and functional connection with the building.

Jacopo Barozzi van Vignola and his innovative project that looks at ancient Rome

Vignola put inspiration from the Roman term and Villa Adriana. The artist designed the circular internal court that recalls the regulation of the central space of Villa Madama, not completed a Raffaello project. In addition, the pedestrian entrance and the bow on the lower floor of the building functionally separate the traffic flows, giving visitors directly access to the noble rooms.

The adjustment of the palace to the pre -existing pentagonal form of the fort, which started Antonio da Sangallo the young manIt placed considerable design challenges. Vignola Functionally integrated kitchens, warehouses and other service structures in the basement. In this way he showed a significant ability to integrate practical and aesthetic needs into a single complex architectural project. Palazzo Farnese in Caprarola remains one of the greatest examples of Renaissance architecture that combines architectural skills, artistic innovation and residential function, which reflect the ambition and taste of the Farnese family in the entire Italian Renaissance.

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